oppositional defiant disorder :: essays research papers

As per the DSM-IV, if a youngster's difficult practices don't meet the rules for Conduct Disorder, yet include an example of resistant, furious, adversarial, threatening, bad tempered, or malicious conduct, Oppositional Defiant Disorder might be analyzed. These kids may reprimand others for their issues. Oppositional Defiant Disorder is an example of negativistic, unfriendly, and disobedient conduct enduring at any rate a half year, during which (at least four) of coming up next are available: Regularly loses temper. Regularly contends with grown-ups. Regularly effectively resists or won't conform to grown-ups' solicitations or rules. Frequently purposely bothers individuals. Frequently censures others for their mix-ups or bad conduct. Is frequently sensitive or effectively irritated by others. Is frequently furious and angry. Is frequently resentful or pernicious. Note that a guide or specialist will consider an analysis of oppositional resistant turmoil just if the conduct happens more every now and again than is normally seen in people of practically identical age and formative level. As it were, the issues and clashes among youngsters and guardians are as old as time itself, and some contention is typical and unavoidable. Be that as it may, when the parent/youngster struggle turns out to be progressively extreme and has all the earmarks of being spiraling crazy, at that point ODD may be thought of. Likewise, as teenagers are developing and learning, they will in some cases do some less than ideal things that can mess them up, both lawful and in school. Be that as it may, if this conduct doesn't rehash itself and is a one-time occasion, at that point a conduct issue is most likely not present. For a determination of ODD to be made, the unsettling influence in conduct must reason noteworthy issues in school, involved with loved ones, and in the working environment. ODD won't be analyzed if the specialist speculates that the adolescent's practices are in effect legitimately brought about by another maniacal or state of mind issue, for example, bipolar confusion. oppositional rebellious confusion :: articles research papers As indicated by the DSM-IV, if a youngster's difficult practices don't meet the standards for Conduct Disorder, however include an example of disobedient, furious, adversarial, unfriendly, bad tempered, or malignant conduct, Oppositional Defiant Disorder might be analyzed. These kids may reprimand others for their issues. Oppositional Defiant Disorder is an example of negativistic, unfriendly, and rebellious conduct enduring in any event a half year, during which (at least four) of coming up next are available: Frequently loses temper. Frequently contends with grown-ups. Frequently effectively opposes or will not agree to grown-ups' solicitations or rules. Regularly intentionally pesters individuals. Regularly reprimands others for their mix-ups or trouble making. Is frequently tricky or handily irritated by others. Is frequently irate and angry. Is frequently angry or malevolent. Note that a guide or advisor will consider a determination of oppositional insubordinate turmoil just if the conduct happens more every now and again than is commonly seen in people of tantamount age and formative level. As such, the issues and clashes among teenagers and guardians are as old as time itself, and some contention is ordinary and unavoidable. Be that as it may, when the parent/youngster strife turns out to be progressively serious and gives off an impression of being spiraling wild, at that point ODD may be thought of. Likewise, as youngsters are developing and learning, they will at times do some exceptionally not recommended things that can mess them up, both lawful and in school. Be that as it may, if this conduct doesn't rehash itself and is a one-time occasion, at that point a conduct issue is presumably not present. For a conclusion of ODD to be made, the aggravation in conduct must reason critical issues in school, involved with loved ones, and in the working environment. ODD won't be analyzed if the advisor speculates that the adolescent's practices are as a rule legitimately brought about by another crazy or disposition issue, for example, bipolar confusion.

Should the Oxford's word of the year to be included in a formal Research Paper

Should the Oxford's statement of the year to be remembered for a proper word reference - Research Paper Example To encourage regular seeing, every one of these words, regardless of whether simple or hard, normal or extraordinary ought to be suitably reported in a word reference (Winchester 87, qtd. in Brown). In the ongoing years, the general public has utilized different words for casual correspondence and self articulation in the web. Among the most well known are the words â€Å"selfie, bitcoins, and twerk† which Oxford had declared as the new worldwide expressions of 2013 (Rabe). This paper endeavors to depict the capabilities of new words to be set in a word reference. It will likewise delineate the suggestions for instructors and understudies for incorporating Oxford’s new words in a conventional word reference. At long last, it endeavors to show why these new words ought not be contained in formal word references. Meaning of Oxford’s New Words The new Oxford’s worldwide words were created at the stature of innovation and computerized correspondence. For example, selfie is utilized to portray an individual who is enamored with taking pictures of oneself which are then posted in the long range interpersonal communication destinations. This word was first utilized in an online gathering in Australia (Rabe). What's more, twerk is characterized in the internet based life as â€Å"work hips in a sexual way† (â€Å"Twerk†). Then again, bitcoin alludes to the new type of money for making on the web buys. It has been advanced as the new computerized money (â€Å"Bitcoin†). At present, the utilization of bitcoins is still in the exploratory stage so there is a likelihood that this word won't stay lasting. Capability of Words in Formal Dictionary The general guideline for another word to be qualified in a word reference is that the word should increase a critical number of references from various distributions. This demonstrates numerous individuals are utilizing the word. Nonetheless, this standard doesn't matter to all circumstances. There are situations when such a large number of references give editors trouble to recognize the genuine significance of the word (â€Å"How Does a Word†). For example, after the word selfie got well known in an online discussion in Australia, a few words were additionally grown, for example, â€Å"drelfie† to allude to â€Å"drunken selfie† and â€Å"welfie† for â€Å"workout selfie† (Rabe). Besides, another word ought to likewise be refered to for at any rate a few years in different sources before it very well may be set in a printed and formal word reference (â€Å"How Do You Decide†). A significant number o f the new words, for example, selfie, bitcoins, and twerk that were perceived by Oxford come to a great extent originate from internet based life. Since there is an absence of variety of sources, the new words despite everything need capability despite the fact that they have arrived at a huge measure of references from person to person communication destinations. A gathering of editors is liable for assessing whether certain new words are able to be put in a proper word reference. Their decisions are essentially founded on the cash of the words, clearness of importance, and the foundation of the words in the language of a general public (â€Å"How Does a Word†). Consequently, editors need to have a generous timeframe to successfully assess the capability of the new words. With the nearness of the web, it is exceptionally simple for specific words to turn out to be profoundly famous and increase various references. In this manner, the editors ought not put together their deci sions exclusively with respect to the recurrence of references. This applies to the different new words that Oxford is thinking about to put in its proper word reference. In addition, the new words recognized by Oxford particularly selfie and twerk are generally considered as slang words which are utilized for casual correspondence in websites and online gathering among surfers in the web network. This is obvious in the word reference for slang words which characterizes selfie as a photo of oneself which is taken without anyone else (â€Å"Selfie†

The Affordable Care Act Essay Example for Free

The Affordable Care Act Essay The Affordable Care Act objective is to diminish social insurance costs through administrations introduced to people as of now that cant get protection. People in the public eye with no human services protection consistently use clinic crisis offices as their essential consideration doctor (PCP), which expands cost for everyone. A few points of interest to Affordable Care Act are: Preventive administrations are free, which drops social insurance costs by dealing with diseases ahead of time, so they won’t arrive at a costly emergency. In the interest of people who don’t have adequate measure of cash for health care coverage, the Federal government will repay the states for adding people to the Medicaid program. The pay condition is loosened up to 133% of the Federal neediness level, generally $31,000 for a group of four as indicated by (The Affordable Care Act). People who are not qualified for broadened Medicaid is given duty credits. States are required to set up protection cooperations, or utilize the Federal governments trade. Protection organizations can't dismiss youngsters inclusion for prior diseases. Protection organizations can no longer drop somebody from inclusion when they have an ailment. On the off chance that an organization rejects somebody’s inclusion, that individual can go to an outer interests technique. Guardians can put their youngsters up to age 26 on their medical coverage plans. Obamacare doesn't identify with organizations with under 50 representatives at their organization. Large organizations are committed to offer medical coverage, however get charge credits to profit staffs premiums. Detriments to Affordable Care Act do exist. There are a great many individuals who by and by buy private medical coverage. American has dropped their own insurance agency in light of the fact that the arrangement doesnt benefits the living wellbeing status or circumstance. Supplanting protection is more prominent since it offers different types of assistance, similar to maternity care, that numerous individuals dont need. The individuals who dont buy protection by March 31, 2014, and dont meet all requirements for Medicaid, willâ be evaluated an assessment of $95 (or 1% of salary, whichever is higher) in 2014 as per (Healthcare renewal, CNN.com). Pharmaceutical companies will pay an extra charge to close the hole which exists in Medicare Part D. This may conceivably expand medicate costs in the event that they license this onto clients. Overall population could lose their organization supported medicinal services plans. A ton of organizations will think that its more cost employable to take care of the punishment. Other independent ventures may discover they can show signs of improvement plan through the state-run trades as per (â€Å"The Effects of the Affordable Care Act on Employment-Based Health Insurance†). Administrations and gear that bolsters people with wounds, handicaps, or interminable, the Obamacare plans will likewise cover merchandise and ventures to assist you with saving a way of life on the off chance that you contract an incessant infection. The Affordable Care Act shields back up plans from slicing advantages to bring down expenses. Do you think they be required to raise individuals premiums? Not absolutely, since their profits will increment as a large number of individuals uninsured beginning paying premiums. Republicans holds substantially more negative perspectives on The Affordable Care Act and the government than Democrats. Moreover, when informed that the government (as opposed to the state) will execute their trade program, Republicans are far less independent that program will flourish. Democrats oppositely were in any event as sure about the administrative government’s ability to deal with the trades as they were in the states’. These distinctions i n perceptions, together with the stubborn cosmetics of states that have decided on state versus administrative usage of the medical coverage trades, have the planned to prompt further in general mistrust of the government and more prominent detachment across states and gatherings. Basically all Republican states are deciding on governmentally oversaw trade programs and almost all Democratic states are selecting to run the trades themselves. Therefore, governmentally run medical coverage trades are probably going to encounter a larger number of battles than are state-run trades, yet not really because of deficiencies of the central government. Sensibly, the battles of governmentally run trades will come from one-sided difference to medicinal services change at the state level. Because of the bewildering job of stubborn time-squandering, we can't unswervingly connect states with governmentally run stages to those with state run projects to assess which level of government is progressively fit for playing out this troublesome approach change. Theâ problem emerges when each state has divergent inclinations, and dependent on those decisions, the states â€Å"category† into two sets: one gathering that needs to, and does, get the treatment, and one gathering that wouldn't like to, and thusly doesn't, get the treatment. Republicans intend to challenge medicinal services change, and afterward condemn that it doesn't work, despite the fact that crediting blame to the Obama organization. For the present, states with Democratic administration need the change to succeed, and liable to cooperate with the government. With an end goal to enable the arrangement to succeed, these states are adopting an additional hands on strategy and applying the gets in touch with themselves. Furthermore, in states where both the bureaucratic and state governments need the change to succeed, the program will be very much applied and open endorsement of medicinal services change, the state government, and furthermore the government will rise. The capacity of the House of Representatives and the Senate to favor this enactment scored a notable triumph in the century long fight to change the countries medicinal services winning last endorsement of enactment that extends inclusion to 32 million individuals and endeavors to contain spiraling expenses. The House casted a ballot 219 to 212 to favor the measure, with each Republican democratic. Throughout the following 10 years, the measure will set in signal a mind boggling arrangement of deviations to the medical coverage showcase that will change into the greatest broad ening of inclusion since Medicare and Medicaid were made in 1965, and the most hopeful force ever to limit social insurance costs. Presidents as far back as Theodore Roosevelt have regretted the countries way to deal with wellbeing inclusion, a structure that helps genuinely well to 150 million Americans who have medical coverage through their occupations however offers hardly any reasonable decisions for people who work low maintenance, are free or work for foundations that dont propose medical advantages. The bill will influence pretty much every man, lady and youth in the United States somehow or another, from the youthful grown-ups who set up one of the biggest uninsured gatherings to poor and childless grown-ups who are not qualified for Medicaid in many states. The social insurance banter influenced numerous ethical issues in American life The effect on the American purchaser is significant. These approved aids will permit more people to discover and treat constant diseases previously. A great many families will have the option to evade monetary disappointment by accepting treatment early, or by having the protection to cover these costs. In theâ forthcoming, this should bring down social insurance costs by lessening shocking consideration. Numerous individuals will get protection, because of the parenthood, infant and pediatric consideration. This will decrease medical coverage charges in general. Close to the ground pay tranquilize addicts, drunkards and the intellectually malevolence have protection inclusion to help their conditions. While nobody can make them to get perfect, perceptive, protective inclusion can appear. References †¢TITLE I-QUALITY, â€Å" AFFORDABLE HEALTH CARE FOR ALL AMERICANS,† The Affordable Care Act http://www.hhs.gov/social insurance/rights/law/index.html †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"Healthcare reformation†, CNN.com †¢(â€Å"The Effects of the Affordable Care Act on Employment-Based Health Insurance†, March 15, 2012) †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Affordable Care Act: An Experiment in Federalism?,† Kyle A. Dropp, Molly C. Jackman, Saul P. Jackman †¢Ã¢â‚¬Å"House passes social insurance change bill without Republican votes† By Shailagh Murray and Lori Montgomery, Monday, March 22, 2010

How Islamic Financing Differs From Conventional Western Financing Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

According to the Oxford Business Group Sharia law prescribes the ethical responsibilities of the Muslim faithful and forms the basic principles of Islamic financing. Islamic financing must therefore follow the teachings of the holy Quaran and the Sunnah which prescribe the Muslims way of life. For centuries these laws have been governing financial transactions and trade amongst Muslims .The group further states that Islamic financing encompasses the range of financial transactions that comply with provisions of Sharia or Islamic law. As Fisher, Lou Hoffmans( 2012, pg, 156) assert Sharia laws prohibit charging interest (ushuru), gambling and engaging in illegal business. Accordingly, Islamic financing is dissimilar from conventional western financing where charging interest on money lent or borrowed is at the epicentre of many transactions. Moreover, Islamic financing prohibits engaging in contractual agreements with uncertainty. Provisions of Islamic financing demand that all parties entering into any contract must be fully aware of the true nature of such a transaction. Furthermore, business transactions that depend on speculation are forbidden by Sharia. Consequently, returns from a business venture should only be derived from the efforts of the parties involved in the transaction. The economic advancement in many Islamic nations underlined the need to formulate strategies to capture this growing market. Today, the Islamic finance industry has witnessed exponential growth brought about by discovery of oil in most Middle East nations. The industrys worth last year was estimated to be worth round $1.3 trillion (The Economist Online, 2010). How Islamic financing differs from conventional Western Financing Although Islamic finance prohibits interest, profits derived from combining elements of finance are enterprises are still acceptable. Essentially, it is an equitable profit-sharing, risk-sharing form of financing. As Wang (2011) argues, most elements of the financial instruments are present in both Islamic and conventional Western financing models. The differences are usually occasioned by the approach to such services rather than the underlying principles. Moreover, there is a stronger element of equitable participation in Islamic banking as opposed to conventional banking. Some of the underlying principles of Islamic banking include Ijarah Ijarah is a lease agreement where the lessor assumes ownership of an asset for a specific time period and pays the agreed fee for the duration. The leased item must retain constant value over the lease duration the term of the lease. Consumable items are therefore not permissible in such transactions. The lessor covers maintenance and insurance costs of the assets throughout the period of the agreement. Ijarah is similar to conventional hire purchase contracts. Assets that may be used in this mode of financing include capital assets such as vehicles and land (Iqra Sense 2012). Murabaha Cost-plus financing / buy-sell arrangement In this transaction the borrower asks the lender to purchase an asset on the premise that the borrower will eventually purchase the asset at a higher price.ÂÂ   Repayment can be done in a lump sum or by instalments. The lump repayment is known as ÂÂ   Bai Bithaman Ajil or deferred payment sale agreement. On completion of such a transaction all land titles are transferred to the borrower. For such a transaction to be valid all parties must have been fully aware of the conditions and the asset in question must not be haram (Iqra Sense 2012). Bai al-Inah Sale and buy-back Under this transaction the borrower purchases an asset from the lender on a deferred payment basis.ÂÂ  The asset is then resold immediately to a lender for cash at a discount.ÂÂ   This mode of financing is normally used to mitigate against insolvency of the lender after the transaction (Iqra Sense 2012). An Istisna is a transaction agreement for acquisition of goods whereby a predetermined price is fixed by the parties. However, the seller is liable for any damage to the goods until they change ownership to the buyer. Bai Salam is an upfront payment by the purchaser for Shariah compliant assets that the seller undertakes to supply to the purchaser at a date in the future (Iqra Sense 2012). MusharakahÂÂ   In this arrangement, a lender and a borrower agree to make a capital contribution towards the financing of an asset. The Parties further agree to share profits from the transaction at an agreed ratio before the actual transaction. Similarly any losses are shared at a proportional ratio to their initial contributions (Iqra Sense 2012). Tawarroq finance A Lender may also agree to purchase an asset on behalf of the borrower then sell it back to the former.ÂÂ   The Borrower may later sell the asset to a third party buyer while repaying the lender in instalments (Iqra Sense 2012). Mudharabah Under Mudharabah a trustee who provides skill and expertise in managing assets for Islamic investors earn an agreed share of the profits. However, they cannot claim any right to the assets since they merely act as managers (Iqra Sense 2012). Implications Islamic Financing Todays Sharia compliant banking can be traced back to the petro- dollar boom of the 1980s. The current market for Islamic finance today is worth around $1.3 trillion. This represents a viable market proportion that should not be ignored by any commercial bank. Islamic financing helps in militating against risks of defaulting on loans, since the loans are interest free. This risk is inherently higher in conventional banking than Islamic banking (Beck, Kunt Merouche 2010, pg 6). On the flipside, investors may shy away from making deposits which do not earn any interest. However, the legal complexities of fully implementing Islamic financing may inhibit more banks from adopting such products (Beck, Kunt Merouche 2010, pg 7). Furthermore, the strict adherence to provisions of Sharia laws by most Muslims may drive away potential clients if they perceive any violations of such laws. More institutions should adopt the system since the underlying principle of risk sharing in Islamic finance further minimizes the negative impact of financial crisis. The equitable nature of savings and investment in Islamic banking further increases clients motivation to monitor the bank. Since banks adopting this system have the moral obligation of protecting clients from unfair enrichment, they become more proactive in the management process (Wang, 2011). Conclusion Islamic financing has witnessed tremendous growth in the past. Nations with predominately Muslim populations and the ever increasing cash from crude oil in the Middle East further provides more opportunities for growth. To take advantage of this market segment, all financial players are advised to adopt Sharia compliant banking into their long term strategies.

The Problem Of Internet Security - 829 Words

I could now confidently say that the addition of this course Business Computing Environment and Networks to the curriculum has tremendously helped me gain more knowledge about the basics of the Networks, how it is being managed, its security, and also how to be more aware of the problems that are being caused nowadays due to the lack of Internet security. As a part of the learning and to my best understanding from this course, I would like to delve more into the most common internet security problems and how do we solve the business problems through the Internet Security. As we all know, the word internet itself is a very broad term and the security of the Internet would be the first thing that each and every company has on its mind in order to solve numerous business problems they come across every day and to successfully run their businesses. As everyone is quite aware of the fact that the Internet itself has never been a secured environment, so every company strives itself hard to take utmost precautions in order to protect their computers or their computer networks which are being connected to the internet globally. One of the major problems that most businesses face these days are more often related to their business security. We all pretty much encounter the problem of our systems being attacked by viruses. Viruses are nothing but the programs that are being developed in order to damage the systems. These either damage or destroy the data on your system or they don’tShow MoreRelated What are the security problems and solutions of the Internet?1390 Words   |  6 Pages Internet has vital impact in our life nowadays as it becomes more and more popular. It allows us to have wider range of communication and interaction, to exchange and share experiences, thoughts, information, and to make business online. Without doubt, internet make our life more easier, internet banking system allow us to manage our bank accounts, paying bills without queuing, online shops allow us to make purchase without going out, online education, publication and article postings allow us learnRead MoreWhat Are the Security Problems and Solutions of the Internet?1490 Words   |  6 PagesInternet has vital impact in our life nowadays as it becomes more and more popular. It allows us to have wider range of communication and interaction, to exchange and share experiences, thoughts, information, and to make business online. Without doubt, internet make our life more easier, internet banking system allow us to manage our bank accounts, paying bills without queuing, online shops allow us to make purchase without going out, online education, publication and article postings allow us learnRead MoreInternet Security Problems: The Case of Penzil Vintage Autoparts911 Words   |  4 Pagesupdated wherever necessary. There are lot of vulnerabilities which are hidden and not known to users and company . Linksys Wrt54G This device is used as access points which has unidirectional antenna for their network. The router allows to ACCESS Internet via a wireless connection, which broadcasts at a speed of up to 54mbps. It also allows us to share resources such as computers, printers and files. Penzil Vintage Auto parts using this modem to share resource such as computers, laptops tills, etcRead MoreExternal Security Risks Associated With Internet Banking Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesExternal Security Risks associated with Internet Banking Introduction In recent years, The Internet Banking, namely, online banking means the transitions of banking activities including checking account information and payment of bills through the website (Singhal and Padhmanbhan, 2008; Ahasanul et al, 2009) is popular in the worldwide. 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Malaria No More Malaria - 1356 Words

Malaria No More Malaria is a mosquito-borne infection of humans, among other organisms, caused by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which after being transmitted by the vector, mosquitoes under the genus Anopheles, grows in about 6 days inside of red blood cells making over 20,000 to 30,000 daughter cells and burst out to the cell to go to others. Even though malaria is very treatable and had even been eradicated in in the US since 1951, the disease caused 219 million clinical episodes and 660,000 deaths in 2010. In the same year, the vector spread disease was also the 7th leading killer in lower income countries. Since 2700 BCE, where ancient Chinese medicinal documents described characteristics of Malaria symptoms, the human†¦show more content†¦To begin with, the difficulty in eradicating Malaria by trying to change the environmental factors is, quite simply, there is only so much we can control. There is no doubt that there is a link between the frequencies of Malaria and climate it is found in. It is extremely prevalent in Africa, specifically the countries closest to the Equator. The tropical and sub-tropical regions of countries like Chad and Sierra Leone are ideal conditions for the mosquitoes that necessary for the transmission of the parasite to humans. In fact, rainfall can create collections of water called breeding sites where mosquitoes deposit their eggs and in tropical regions the eggs only need about twelve days in order to go from its larvae stage to full adulthood. In order for the Malaria to be successfully transmitted the mosquito must be alive for 9-21 days, sin ce that’s how long the cycle takes to occur. Plus, the mosquito must be in an environment with at least 25 °C, which are perfect conditions for warm places such as equatorial Africa. On top of that, pregnant women, young children and travelers to these Malaria infested places have a greater chance to get infected because their immune system would be compromised. The problem with trying to change these problems, are that these are extremely difficult

Road Risk to Motor Bikes

Question: Write an essay on Road risk to motor bikes and cyclist in London? Answer: Introduction: The number of road accidents is going increase day by day. The proportion for the motor bikes and cyclist in the road accidents is more than other vehicles. During the last decade, more than three million road casualties are found in the Great Britain. It was observed that more than 36000 people died in the road accident and about 373985 people were seriously injured in the road accidents. It was also observed that the figures regarding the death and injury from the police record do not reveal the actual figures. The real situation is different from the records. There are no records for so many accidents. For each year, the government official record for the total number of people killed and injured in the road collisions is given as 730000. The price paid by the persons in the road accidents and their families is inestimable. There is a high road risk to motor bikes and cyclist in London. The number of vehicles in the London is high. It was observed that the number of the motor bike s and cyclist in the London city is high as compared to the other vehicles. It was estimated that the annual cost to the economy for the road accidents is observed about 15 to 32 billion euro. Riding on the motorbike is dangerous in the London city. It was found that about 7000 bikers and their pillions were dead in the last decade 1999 to 2010. In the road safety study, it was revealed that the only 1% of the road traffic is occupied by the bikers but the casualty rate is 61 times greater than that of cars. It was also found that the proportion of the road accidents is higher at the weekend than the other days of the week. It was revealed that the cyclists have higher casualty rate than other pedestrians. It was found that 1575 cyclists were died on the roads during the year 1999 to 2010. It was observed that the more accidents occurred in the morning and evening rush hours. On the Saturday and Sunday there are more road accidents than the other days. Research Questions: For any study, the research questions are important to getting the proper direction for the research study. For the study of road risk to motor bikes and cyclist in London, some of the research questions should be established. For this research proposal, we have to find the answers for the following research questions: What is the average number of death for a single month in the roads of London? What are alternatives for avoiding the road accidents? For which type of vehicle, there are a more accidents? Is there any trend line exist in the road accidents by time line or day? If there are any other research questions necessary regarding to the study of road risk to motor bikes and cyclist, then it is necessary to include these research questions in the research study. For finding the answers for the research questions, it is necessary to use the proper research methodology. The proper research methodology is explained in the next topic. Research Methodology: In this part, the proper methodology for the analysis of the road risk to motor bikes is explained in detail. If the research methodology is not proper, then results would not be unbiased and useful for the analysis purpose. So use of proper methodology plays an important role in the research study. It should be kept in mind that the proper attention on the appropriate steps and proper methodology should be applied when research is carried out. The first step in the research methodology is the collection of the data for the variables consists in the research study. Data for the corresponding variables under study is very important for the analysis purpose. Keep proper attention while data is collected is very important to obtain a balanced sample from the desired population. After the data collection, the average values should be obtained for the variables under study for this research study. Here, we can obtain the descriptive statistics for the daily accidents, monthly accidents fo r the bikers, cars and other vehicles. After the descriptive statistics, we can find the relationship between the different days and number of accidents. While data collection, the data should be collected according to the month, day and time of the accident. It would be helpful for finding the trends according to different timing slots. The proper graphs should be explained the pictorial information about the total number of accidents according to the different months and different time slots. The time series analysis is useful for the analysis of the road accidents and it will give proper direction for less down the accident proportion. For checking the claims regarding the road accidents, we can use different statistical tests of hypothesis and we can conclude about the real situation. We can also find the correlation coefficient and regression line for the relationship between the different variables included in the study. It should be important to keep the data in a suitable tabular format or any other appropriate format. If the format of the data is not suitable, then it is difficult to arrange the facts while the data analysis is conducting for the conclusion purpose. Also, proper methods should be used during the statistical analysis. There are so many statistical methods available for the analysis of the same questions and selection of the proper method is necessary to find the answers to corresponding problem. All methods should be applied clearly and there should not be any confusion while conducting the research. The facts related to the road risk to motor bikes and cyclist should be analysing properly. All simple facts related to the road accidents in the roads of the London city should be included in a proper way. Also, summary statistics for the road accidents for the motorbikes and the cyclists should be included in the analysis for the easy view of the project research. Some simple graphs related to the road accidents in the London city should be included in the research study so that any common man should analyse the findings in an easy way. Data collection: The first step in any research analysis is nothing but the data collection. For this research proposal, the data should be collected from the government offices or police stations. Data for the road accidents is also available on the different government websites. The proper sample size should be decided for the research study. Sample data should consist of all areas of London. To getting representative to all areas, the proper sampling method should be employ for the selection of sample. If all areas of the London is not included in the sample, then the overall results for this research study would not be correct or approximately correct for the entire London city. So data collection with proper care is very important and data should be handled by the experts. While collecting of data, many things should be kept in mind. It is important to collect the data in an appropriate way. Sometimes there are so much data available collectively for the all types of accidents. Data extraction for the road accidents of the motor bikes and cyclists in the London city is necessary for taking the random sample for the required categories. All necessary data regarding the road risks should be collected according to the time factor and any other important factor. Data Analysis: In this part, the actual data analysis process is explained for the road accidents in the London city. In this data analysis for the road risk to motor bikes and cyclists in the London city, we have to find the descriptive statistics for the total number of the road accidents according to the different months. We have to categorize the data according to the road accidents due to the different types of vehicles. We have to use different types of graphs for better explanation of the situation. For explaining the real situation about the road accidents in the London, we have to use the box plots, histograms, bar diagrams etc. we have to find the correlation coefficient for the different variables included in the study. We have to draw the time series plot for the study of the variation in the trend according to the different time slots. We have to find the reasons for accidents within some specific time slot, why the accident proportion is high. We have to use the test of hypothesis for checking the claims regarding the total number of accidents in the roads of London city. The graphs for the facts regarding the road risk to motorbikes and cyclist should be included in the research so that any layman will analyse the fact in a simple way. The overall summary table should be included in the research of the road risk to motorbikes and cyclist. Conclusions: After the study of this research proposal, we should get the results for the following points: We should find the average number of total accidents in each day, each month and each year. The average number should be finding according to the different types of the vehicles. The relationship should be found between the two related variables by using the different statistical methods. If exists, the relationship should be explains in terms of correlation coefficient and extent of association between the two variables should be explained for this study. The results for the claims regarding to the variables under study should be included in the conclusions for this study. The overall summary for the important findings should be included in the conclusions part. It is also to suggest some recommendations for taking the proper action by the government. The analysis should be useful for the management of traffic in the roads of the London city. Proper recommendations would be useful for managing the traffic and related issues. References: Government websites, Great Britain. David Freedman, Robert Pisani, Roger Purves, Statistics, 3rd ed., W. W. Norton Company, 1997. Morris H. DeGroot, Mark J. Schervish Probability and Statistics, 3rd ed., Addison Wesley, 2001. Leonard J. Savage, The Foundations of Statistics, 2nd ed., Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1972. Robert V. Hogg, Allen T. Craig, Joseph W. McKean, An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 6th ed., Prentice Hall, 2004. George Casella, Roger L. Berger, Statistical Inference, 2nd ed., Duxbury Press, 2001. David R. Cox, D. V. Hinkley, Theoretical Statistics, Chapman Hall/CRC, 1979. Peter J. Bickel, Kjell A. Doksum, Mathematical Statistics, Volume 1, Basic Ideas and Selected Topics, 2rd ed. Prentice Hall, 2001. T. S. Ferguson, Mathematical Statistics: A Decision Theoretic Approach, Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1967 Harald Cramr, Mathematical Methods of Statistics, Princeton, 1946 Schervish, Mark J. (1995). Theory of statistics (Corr. 2nd print. ed.). New York: Springer Moses, Lincoln E. (1986) Think and Explain with Statistics, Addison-Wesley Hays, William Lee, (1973) Statistics for the Social Sciences, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Rubin, Donald B.; Little, Roderick J. A.,Statistical analysis with missing data, New York: Wiley 2002 Mosteller, F., Tukey, J. W. (1977). Data analysis and regression. Boston: Addison-Wesley. Mann, Prem S. (1995). Introductory Statistics (2nd ed.). Wiley. Babbie, Earl R. (2009). The Practice of Social Research (12th ed.). Wadsworth. Nick, Todd G. (2007). "Descriptive Statistics". Topics in Biostatistics.New York: Springer. Trochim, William M. K. (2006). "Descriptive statistics". Research Methods Knowledge Base. Upton, G., Cook, I. (2008) Oxford Dictionary of Statistics, OUP. Evans, Michael et al. (2004). Probability and Statistics: The Science of Uncertainty. Freeman and Company. van der Vaart, A.W. (1998) Asymptotic Statistics Cambridge University Press. Liese, Friedrich and Miescke, Klaus-J. (2008). Statistical Decision Theory: Estimation, Testing, and Selection. Springer.

It Seems That There Is An Ever-increasing Trend In Our Society. Big Co

It seems that there is an ever-increasing trend in our society. Big corporations are becoming more and more influential in our lives. As they gain more and more muscle in our government they also invade our schools and many other facets of our lives. Perhaps the most disturbing area of potential influence, however, is corporate control of the media. Can the American media uphold its values of free press under pressure from big corporations? Can they continue to present the absolute truth? The simple answer, especially in my opinion, is no. The movie The Insider provides us with an excellent case to back that point of view. Perhaps one of the biggest stories of this decade has been the tobacco industry. We saw them stand before Congress and tell the world that cigarettes were not addictive. The industry was able to lawyer its way out of trouble time and time again. They essentially used legal maneuvers, and certainly money, to keep the truth from the American people. Finally, we saw all that come to an end. When Jeff Wigand decided it was time to tell the truth, he put everything he valued at risk. He stood to loose his family, any chance at a job, and quite possibly his life. He knew all these things and still he went on, because he thought he could make a difference. He knew that his testimony would never be heard in a court of law, so where could he turn. The answer: the fourth and fifth estates, or the press and television. Every night millions of Americans sit down and watch the nightly news or read the paper. We know that we will be told all the days news, that we will be educated about what is happening in the world around us. We also know that we will be updated on issues that we care about as individuals and a society. Another delivery mechanism for information is television magazine shows like 60 Minutes. People know that when Mike Wallace talks to them, they should listen. They can also look at his reputation and know that he is telling the truth. Wigand put faith in that fact. Wigand agreed to do an interview with 60 Minutes because he knew that people would listen. He knew that the absolute truth would finally be out in the open, and that it would come from a source that people would believe. He risked everything because he had faith in the media and journalists. What happened next is, quite frankly, disgraceful. When the tobacco industry, specifically the company B&W learned that CBS intended to air the interview, they began to lean on the CBS corporate office. They threatened lawsuits that could quite possibly mean that B&W would end up owning CBS. There were other factors as well. Westinghouse was about to purchase CBS. That meant that corporate managers stood to make lots of money. A lawsuit with B&W could have easily made Westinghouse pull out of the deal, and people would loose money. Essentially the whole situation came down to an issue of money. CBS News decided not to air the story. It is quite obvious that they did not make that decision based upon any journalistic issues. They were being leaned on by the corporate office, which was looking at dollar signs. CBS News was setting aside the truth for money, something it never should have even considered doing. Than goodness that Lowell Bergman was there to stop the lunacy. He correctly pointed out that the CBS corporate office had no right to tell CBS News what stories it could and could not air. The truth is the truth, no matter who it damages. Bergman embarked on a crusade to see that the whole story was aired. Eventually CBS did air the entire interview. The only did so after receiving sharp criticism in The New York Times. The Washington Post, also showed that the smear campaign that CBS was using as justification for not airing the story, was nothing more than trumped up charges. CBS was left looking quite nasty, and decided to show the interview. The whole point is that business has no right to decide what is news. They have no right to come and stop a

Jane Fonda in North Vietnam - Myths of Womens History

Jane Fonda in North Vietnam - Myths of Women's History They started coming in the winter of 1999: emails asking me to do something about the book, written by Barbara Walters, already published and the basis of a television special reviewed on this site: 100 Women of the Century. (Ive never been clear how one does something about a book thats already been published and sold. I dont think these people really wanted to seize and destroy all copies, did they?) The protest was over the inclusion of Jane Fonda in the book and special. Id quoted Fonda in my review, this way: Who did Jane Fonda say popped into her mind as the most influential woman of the century? Coco Chanel! Fonda explains: And heres why: She freed us from the corset. Frankly, I thought anyone reading that quote was likely to come away with this conclusion: Jane Fonda was not exactly the brainiest commentator on the history of women in the 20th century, and not exactly a prime candidate for selection as one of the 100 most influential women of the century! But, I guess because I included Jane Fonda in that review, these Jane Fonda emails started to pour in. There are fewer of them now, though they continue to come, and unfortunately I suspect Ill get more after publishing this article, from correspondents who dont read carefully. An example of one I received, after writing the above words, from a Carl R. Brucker, includes these words: How can a woman who patronized the Vietnamese Army during war time be honored? You media publicicts need to have your heads examined and your patriotism questioned, maybe even your citizenship! What upset these writers so much? Heres the email that they sent to me - its also reproduced in many places on the web: Jane Fonda is being honored as one of the 100 Women of the Century. Unfortunately, many have forgotten and still countless others have never known how Ms. Fonda betrayed not only the idea of our country, but specific men who served and sacrificed during Vietnam. Part of my conviction comes from personal exposure to those who suffered her attentions. The first part of this is from an F-4E pilot. The pilots name is Jerry Driscoll, a River Rat. In 1968, the former Commandant of the USAF Survival School was a POW in Ho Lo Prison - the Hanoi Hilton. Dragged from a stinking cesspit of a cell, cleaned, fed, and dressed in clean PJs, he was ordered to describe for a visiting American Peace Activist the lenient and humane treatment hed received. He spat at Ms. Fonda, and was clubbed and dragged away. During the subsequent beating, he fell forward upon the camp Commandants feet, which sent that officer berserk. In 78, the AF Col still suffered from double vision (which permanently ended his flying days) from the Vietnamese Cols frenzied application of a wooden baton. Col Larry Carrigan was in the 47FW/DO (F-4Es). He spent 6 years in the Hilton - the first three of which he was missing in action. His wife lived on faith that he was still alive. His group, too, got the cleaned/fed/clothed routine in preparation for a peace delegation visit. They, however, had time and devised a plan to get word to the world that they still survived. Each man secreted a tiny piece of paper, with his SSN on it, in the palm of his hand. When paraded before Ms. Fonda and a camera man, she walked the line, shaking each mans hand and asking little encouraging snippets like: Arent you sorry you bombed babies? and Are you grateful for the humane treatment from your benevolent captors? Believing this HAD to be an act, they each palmed her their slivers of paper. She took them all without missing a beat. At the end of the line and once the camera stopped rolling, to the shocked disbelief of the POWs, she turned to the officer in charge... and handed him the little pile of p apers. Three men died from the subsequent beatings. Col Carrigan was almost number four. But he survived... which is the only reason we know about her actions that day. I was a civilian economic development advisor in Vietnam, and was captured by the North Vietnamese communists in South Vietnam in 1968 and held for over 5 years. I spent 27 months in solitary confinement, one year in a cage in Cambodia, and one year in a black box in Hanoi. My North Vietnamese captors deliberately poisoned and murdered a female missionary, a nurse in a leprosarium in Ban me Thuot, South Vietnam, whom I buried in the jungle near the Cambodian border. At one time I weighed approximately 90 lbs  - my normal weight is 170 lbs. We were Jane Fondas war criminals. When Jane Fonda was in Hanoi, I was asked by the camp communist political officer if I would be willing to meet with Jane Fonda. I said yes, that I would like to tell her about the real treatment we POWs were receiving, which was far different from the treatment purported by the North Vietnamese, and parroted by Jane Fonda, as humane and lenient. Because of this, I spent three days on a rocky floor on my knees with outstretched arms with a large amount of steel placed on my hands, and beaten with a bamboo cane every time my arms dipped. I had the opportunity to meet with Jane Fonda for a couple of hours after I was released. I asked her if she would be willing to debate me on TV. She did not answer me. This does not exemplify someone who should be honored as part of 100 Years of Great Women. Lest we forget...100 Years of Great Women should never include a traitor whose hands are covered with the blood of so many patriots. There are few things I have strong visceral reactions to, but Hanoi Janes participation in blatant treason is one of them. Please take the time to forward to as many people as you possibly can. It will eventually end up on her computer and she needs to know that we will never forget. For starters: any email that says Please take the time to forward to as many people as you possibly can is probably at best an exaggeration, at worst an outright scam. (I always check similar emails at  http://urbanlegends.about.com  before passing them along, and I check out allegations of viruses at  http://antivirus.about.com  as well. Most of those panicked forward this everywhere emails are hoaxes or long-expired petitions.) Checking It Out When I started getting these Jane Fonda emails, I forwarded one to David Emery, Abouts Guide to Urban Legends.  David carefully checked out the stories  in the Jane Fonda  email,  and discovered that  the first two are false  - the ones where servicemen actually died. I repeat -   those stories have been debunked, and their falsehood confirmed by the supposed sources of the stories. The last one - where a serviceman was beaten because he said hed meet with Jane Fonda and tell her honestly about conditions in a POW camp - is confirmed as  true,  but did not involve Fondas direct action at all. Its fascinating, though, to see how persistent these Jane Fonda legends remain, despite the attempts of Davids site and others to debunk them. I vividly remember Jane Fondas trip to North Vietnam, as reported in the media. I remember proponents and opponents of the war alike finding her actions distasteful, ill-thought-out, and profoundly disrespectful of Americans serving in Vietnam. But I certainly didnt think that her act would generate such energy nearly thirty years later. When I wrote the review of Barbara Walters book in 1999, I thought that including Jane Fonda as one of the most influential women of the twentieth century was rather silly, an example of the preference for entertainers that Walters showed in her selections. Barbara Walters included several women even more notorious than Jane Fonda: Madame Mao and  Leni Riefenstahl, for instance. The book was about influential and important women - not simply wonderful women who should be held up as role models. Walters says in the book that she included Fonda for her contribution to bringing exercise into wide practice among women - not for her political views! Nevertheless, I didnt think Jane Fonda deserved inclusion as one of the 100 most influential women of the century. But the persistence of this Jane Fonda email, and the clear passion of the many who continue to distribute it and who continue to believe that Jane Fonda should be tried for treason for her trip to North  Vietnam,  have convinced me otherwise. Jane Fonda is influential far beyond what Id  thought,  if she can continue to generate this level of activity! The  whole  story on this email legend and why the first two-thirds is not believable:  Hanoi Jane Rumors Blend Fact and Fiction Update As of this writing, several years after first publishing this article, the waves of distribution of the Jane Fonda email have diminished somewhat. Perhaps this article has been able to play a part in getting people to think more carefully about an issue that carries a lot of emotional  weight. But whenever Jane Fonda is in the news, the erroneous emails return. To use the example of Mr. Brucker, whose email I excerpted on page 1 of this article: Hes still apparently convinced that Im honoring Fonda despite reading an earlier version of this article, failing to understand the difference between writing about someone and honoring them (or still being confused about the difference between myself and the author of a book I mentioned). Worse than his misunderstanding is the implication that anyone who publishes something about Fonda may need to have their citizenship questioned. What an insult to those people who have served in Americas military, thinking they were doing so to promote a free society, in which dissent is possible, and certainly where the writing about a controversy isnt reasonable grounds for challenging ones citizenship or patriotism. Whats next? Burn Barbara Walters book, bringing to mind  Fahrenheit 451? Burn Barbara Walters, bringing to mind medieval witch hunts or the Inquisition? I wish I could say that Mr. Bruckers tirade was unusual, and indeed some correspondents do read and write more carefully and without advocating closing down free speech. But unfortunately, too many seem to have difficulty understanding two major points: (a) listing several people as influential is not necessarily an honor, much less mentioning that a book listed someone as influential;  and in this case  the continuing venom only demonstrates Fondas continued influence; and(b) even if someone did honor Fonda for her other achievements, proposing to punish disagreement with the authors perspective by removing a writers citizenship or shooting the writer is not exactly in keeping with the reasons that many served bravely in Americas wars. On the other hand - whether Jane Fondas actions in North Vietnam fall into the realm of treason is still a matter of debate. The 2002 book  Aid and Comfort: Jane Fonda in North Vietnam,  by attorneys Henry Mark Holzer and Erika Holzer (compare prices) comes down on the side of yes. Fondas had few defenders recently - her fitness videos of the 1970s and 1980s (compare prices) have largely been replaced by newer videos by new fitness gurus, and Thomas Kiernans 1982 biography,  Jane Fonda: Heroine for Our Time  (compare prices), is out of print. Barbara Walters 1998 book,  100 Most Important Women of the 20th Century  (compare prices), in which Jane Fonda plays a minor role, is still a readable if light version of 20th century womens history, in which celebrities play a disproportionate role and which includes a few women who were influential but not exactly positive role models (Madame Mao and  Leni Riefenstahl, for instance). A Later Update This story has unfolded over many years.  I get far fewer emails now - because the email has morphed since the 2008 election into a story about Barack Obama instead of me co-writing this book with Barbara Walters.  I think I should be honored to be transformed into a President.  Dont believe that Obama is responsible for this, either.  Its you who will look ignorant.

A part of an author's life that heavily influenced their writing Essay

A part of an author's life that heavily influenced their writing - Essay Example Sylvia Plath was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1932(â€Å"Sylvia Plath Biography,† 2011). Her early life was marred with tragedy when, at just eight years old, her father died(â€Å"Sylvia Plath Biography,† 2011). Plath’s experience with her father’s death influenced many of the poems that she wrote as both a child and an adult. It was due to this realism that she incorporated into her written works that an eight year old Plath received a measure of success when she had her first poem published in The Boston Herald(â€Å"Sylvia Plath Biography,† 2011). Her poems and stories are said to be primarily autobiographical which illustrates that Plath lived by the motto of writing what she knew. Perhaps the best example of Sylvia Plath’s writing being influenced by her own life can be found in her most famous work The Bell Jar. This novella is about a severely depressed woman who seeks help from a psychiatric hospital. The main character ends up being able to conquer her mental illness by the end of book and appears to go on to live a happy life(â€Å"Plath, Sylvia : The Bell Jar†). The book is said to be largely autobiographical and many of the experiences that the main character has in the book are similar to those experienced by Plath who attempted suicide in 1953 and received treatment at a hospital in Massachusetts(â€Å"Plath, Sylvia : The Bell Jar†). The main character deals with common treatments of the time such as electroshock therapy and psychoanalytic therapy which mirrors Plath’s ordeal at the hospital(â€Å"Plath, Sylvia : The Bell Jar†). Plath dealt with chronic mental illness, and it was her own life experiences that influe nced this particular book as well as her poetry. The happiness that the main character in The Bell Jar displays at the end is likely wishful thinking on Plath’s part as she

Buy American Requirements Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Buy American Requirements - Assignment Example and any form of assembly at the construction site is not considered â€Å"Produced in the United States.† iii) What is not regulated – this category comprises of raw materials other that iron and/or steel, non-manufactured goods that are not either iron or steel, the origin of component and the sub-components parts of manufactured goods, and Loan and Grant Funds that was intended for the purchase of equipment ONLY. iv) Concerning construction bidding and contract documents – advertisement for bids is expected to be funded in whole or part with funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) and the use of these funds are applicable only when all the iron, steel, and manufactured goods are produced in the U.S. The contract on information for bidders and supplemental general conditions are also funded in part or whole by ARRA in accordance with Section 1605 of the ARRA (funds are used only if all the iron, steel, and manufactured goods are produced in the US). As was discussed previously, VectorCal is an already established firm that provides security services to governmental departments, the private sector, and individuals through drone navigation. DroveIn is also intended to perform theses duties, in addition to the provision of services that are not available from VectorCal. These services include the development of more user-friendly, wholesome, and affordable drones and the creation of a long-term relationship with the customers using a quantitative model (Deberg, 2011). Just like VectorCal, my company (DroneIn) will most probably develop its drones using iron and steel, and other manufactured items produced in the United States. Thus, these two firms may benefit from the Buy American Requirements in the following ways: 1) They are profit-making organizations and are thus, not impacted by these requirements. This implies that there will be no requirement for the components and

US Intervention in Somalia, 1992 Essay Example for Free

US Intervention in Somalia, 1992 Essay The 1992-1993 intervention of the US forces, with UN authorization, in the fractured country of Somalia is a complex issue not just in terms of Somalian domestic politics, but also the constellation of foreign entanglements that were involved in this strategic part of the world. This brief essay will attempt to answer some key questions about the conflict itself, the American role and the diplomatic and power struggles internationally, especially given the strategic location of Somalia on the Indian Ocean trade routes and the controlling interest in the mouth of the Red Sea. The conflict itself is rather straightforward. The dictatorship of Said Barre was an eccentric one, since he attempted to combine the Islamic movement with that of Marxian socialism. But Barre, in this tribally fractured society, found himself at loggerheads with the powerful Hawiye tribe, as well as certain Islamic factions operating within the country, eventually to develop the Somali National Alliance (SNA), which, for reasons to be described below, became the main target of the American wrath. Concerning the basic structure of the conflict using the typology of Kriesberg, his concern for â€Å"interests and values† is very important, since the basic struggle, outside of its tribal basis, was one of independence from the west. If the SNA were to be victorious, than the US might well be shut out of this strategic area, and a hostile power would come into play, just when the US had helped oust the hated Marxist dictator in Ethiopia, Mengistu Hailie Maram. It is the contention of this writer that this specific reason underlies the entire US intervention in 1992-1993. But apart from interests and values, it seems that the Civil War in Somalia was a zero-sum battle, in that the Islamic movement had a very different agenda than the pro-Ethiopian movement. The victory of one meant the automatic loss for the other. The organizations themselves were both tribal and ideological, centering around the destiny of Somalia relative to the Arab-Israeli conflict, where the Muslims rejected the US presence in support of Israeli interests and the pro-western side sought to use Ethiopia to eliminate the Islamic movement of General Farah Adeed. Hence, in Kriesberg’s terms, these organizations were basically bi-focal, with two mutually exclusive agendas that eventually, in 1993, permitted the US government to hold that the Islamic movement is the great threat to Somalia (cf Kreisberg’s typology, 2006, 7-14). Now, the basic issues in the conflict concern, first of all, the actors themselves. After the disastrous war with Ethiopia in the late 1980s, the Barre regime in Somalia tottered, and eventually was overthrown by an military organization, backed largely by the Hawaye tribe, the United Somali Congress (USC). They overthrew Barre, but were incapable of managing the post-war world. Hence, the development of the Civil War and the rise of Addid’s SNA. The CIA maintained a major post in Kenya, and the US maintained a air base in Ethiopia where spy planes can traverse the Middle East (Griswold, 2007). After the overthrow of the communist DERG state in Ethiopia in 1991, the western backed government intervened regularly in the conflict within the US frame of reference. Hence, it seems that the American approach was to either restore Barre in power or create a coalition of anti-Adeed forces (preferably led by militia leader Ali Mahdi (US Army, 10). None of this worked, and Adeed seemed to emerge from the conflict victorious, as he played upon the anti-colonialist struggle against the United States and successfully engendered hatred against the US (Kaemph, 2007). Therefore, in general, the Somali war pitted Adeed’s forces against both the Ethiopians and the United States. In addition, the state of Eritrea was also involved, and received both Israeli and American backing from its independence against he former communist government of Ethiopia. Hence, the Eritreans were used against the Adeed government and the state itself became a base for the anti-Islamic movement. Eritrea was very useful for the United States and Israel (who certainly had an interest in the Red Sea being open to western trade), since they fought with the Islamic government of Sudan, and became a part of the peace-keeping efforts of the US in that country, also with the ultimate purpose to eliminate the influence of the anti-US and anti-Israeli Islamic movement. Hence, the causes of the conflict and the American intervention are woven within the functioning of the actors themselves within an international context. To put it simply: the US, the UN and Israel supported Ethiopia and Eritrea (though these two have fought in the past), as well as what was left of the Barre regime. Barre himself had offered several oil concessions to American oil firms not to long before his overthrow, and hence, the major oil firms and the US government had an interest in his movement, discredited thought it was (Kretzman, 2003). The major purpose was to keep any coalition that could be formed by Adeed and the anti-US forces under both a nationalist and Islamic banner. The US Army holds in its official account of the war that psychological operations (PSYOPS) were the order of the day in the Somali countryside. This ominous methodology is not elaborated upon in the Army’s description of events (US Army, pub 70-81-1, p 10). At the same time, the CIA was providing the basic logistical support for the intervention out of Kenya. Given this background, the major issues that motivated the American intervention might be reduced to four. First, the control of any oil found in Somalia and, more importantly, the massive oil reserves of Sudan. The two conflicts are very similar in that both Omar Bashir and Adeed are anti-US and anti-Israel, and are fighting for a country that has at least some oil reserves that can be exploited. Secondly, both the US and Israel have an interest in keeping Islamic movements out of power in this strategic area, since such movements may well join with Iran and Russia against American oil interest in the area. Third, to maintain a secular and pro-western state in both Ethiopia and Eritrea. Fourth, to keep friendly powers in charge of Somalia in order to keep both the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean free of hostile powers, since major shipping goes though these areas, and importantly, oil shipping. But similarly, this is all based on a certain geography: Somalia is highly strategic for the above reasons–this eastern horn of Africa sits upon oil and major shipping lanes that cannot fall to hostile powers. But the area of the US intervention, it should be noted, only developed in the extreme south and west of the country, not accidentally the area bordering Kenya, where the CIA maintains a large base and listening post (Griswold, 2007). The US, as part of its PSYOP mentality, hit the radio stations belonging to Adeed, as well as attempting–unsuccessfully–to harm his infrastructure. The reality of the situation is, in the chaos of the war, the Islamic movement of Adeed developed his own social services and social infrastructure, not unlike Hamas in Palestine. To destroy this became the main purpose of the 1992-1993 intervention and largely dictated the popular hostility of the masses to American intervention. Adeed successfully created his own anti-PSYOP mentality by holding the Islamic faith and using nationalist ideas to mobilize the country to his cause. Hence, the nonsense about feeding the â€Å"starving masses† should not even be taken seriously, since the only man who successfully rebuilt at least a modicum of social services became the main target of US attacks (Kaemph, 2007). Hence, several things can be said in conclusion. First, oil is an important issue here, both in Sudan and Somalia. This is one of the most important motivating influences behind the intervention in 1992. But this oil is not sitting in the ground, it is being shipped worldwide, and hence, the Indian Ocean routes near Africa and the Red Sea both need to be kept open, and hence, Somalia, Eritrea and Ethiopia are central actors here. Second, the Eritreans were encouraged in their independence drive under the communist DERG state in Ethiopia by both the US and Israel so as to maintain a pro-western state there. Eritrea hence, sought to support the US in the conflict with the purpose of maintaining its independence and legitimacy. The Islamic forces in Sudan and the SNA wanted an Islamic and nationalist state to fight the west and the Israelis. For the US, this was unacceptable and might be the central issue in the entire American mentality of the time. The reality is that Adeed won–and he won using anti-colonial rhetoric that saw the US as invaders, not interveners. Third, the American PSYOP organization, with CIA backing fizzled. They failed to convince the population that the US was their friend. The very fact that Adeed’s own infrastructure was attacked proved to most that the US was there for the sake of realpolitik, not humanitarian aid, a rather silly â€Å"official† story from Washington, given the strategic nature of the area. Since PSYOPS are little more than brainwashing, Adeed certainly seems to have the moral high ground here–he had the money and the power, as well as the support and military training to make his movement work. Insofar as Kriesberg’s organization typology (cf pg 12), the reason for the American intervention is that it seemed that Adeed’s forces could not be beaten. His main opponent, and a recipient of US money, Mahdi, had no real military training and was no match for Adeed (US Army, 10). The former forces of Barre were also fractured and demoralized, and hence, to keep Adeed out of power, intervention was necessary. But what remains central is that the official reason for the American involvement was not only false, but laughable. Not even an armchair analysis could hold that humanitarianism was the central issue when which globally strategic issues were at stake. An Islamic government in Sudan and Somalia could spell doom for the American interest in the shipping lanes of the area, and might well serve to harm the states of Ethiopia or Eritrea. Israel’s interest were also central, since the US presence in northeastern Africa is substantial and is a major base for operations against he enemies of the Israeli state such as Iraq (formerly) and Iran, not to mention Sudan or even Libya. The US, in short, appeared as an amoral colonial invader against the genuinely popular Adeed forces. Ultimately, the Somalia failure proved the problematic nature of American post-Cold War foreign policy. First, her official rationale made little sense. Second, the simple battle for American interests will not win the US forces respect throughout the world (Allard, 1995). The nations of the world will work out their own problems without CIA meddling, which only rarely provides a lasting solution (though few could doubt that the fall of Mengistu in Ethiopia was not a good thing). But lastly, what seems to come out of the Somalia failure is the simple fact that the US drive for global empire is doomed to fail, and what should come out of the decay of the bi-polar world is not a uni-polar world or even an multi-lateral one, but the simple concept of self determination for all the nations and people’s of the world according to their own lights, not dictates from Brussels, New York or Washington. Bibliography: Allard, K.. (2005) Somalia Operations: Lessons Learned. Washington: National Defense Griswold, Diedre (Jan 7, 2007) â€Å"Why Somalia has no National State. † Workers World. http://www. workers. org/2007/world/somalia-0111/ (This is a communist publication that should be taken with a grain of salt but it does have some interesting observations about the CIA’s role in the area, as well as Israel’s) Kriesberg, L. (2006). Constructive Conflicts. Rowman and Littlefield. Kretzman, Steve (2003). Oil Security, War and the Geopolitics of United States Energy Planning. Multinational Monitor, Jan/Feb. (http://www. thirdworldtraveler. com/Oil_watch/Oil_Security_War. html) United States Army (nd). The US Army in Somalia. CHM Publication 70-81-1

Car Safety Essay -- essays papers

Car Safety Automobile Safety It’s a dark rainy night. You and your family are coming home from a late night family party. As a car is coming through an intersection another car cut in front of it. The driver decides to hit the brakes so you can avoid the car, but as he presses the brakes, the car loses control on the slick wet road. He is not able to gain control and at that point he has endangered the lives of himself and many others on the road. This is just one example of the many types of things that occur in our streets everyday. All that would have been needed to avoid this situation would have been a traction control system in his car, which would have detected that the car was skidding and would have applied the brakes to the necessary wheels, therefore correcting the skid. Automotive companies must mandate the installation and improvement of specific safety devices to make our vehicles safer. The opposing forces are against my argument mainly because of one reason, money. These are mainly uninformed people who are more concerned with monetary issues rather than the safety and well being of every of everyone on our streets. They see things differently, for example, instead of mandating some things such as a traction control system in a car, which costs no more than $200-600 (Krebs 30), could in the long run lower their insurance costs, and prevent them from a potentially harmful accident. They would much rather have $200-600 worth of accessories. It goes to show you that these people chose style and comfort over their lives and the live of others. Most of the automotive accident statistics are quite overwhelming, and they show for themselves why today’s cars must be made safer. 6,289,000 reported crashes, 3,200,000 people injured, and 41,345 deaths (car accident statistics). These are some of the statistics as of 1999 and they are expected to rise, due to the large number of automobile we are buying. By mandating the installation of certain safety devices in cars we can reduce these numbers drastically. Most car accidents occur at intersection, when someone makes a left turn in front of an oncoming car. The result of this is that the car turning gets broadsided on the right door of his car, also the weakest point of his car. So if most accidents are side impact collision why haven’t car manufacturers mandated the installation of s... ...†. Available http://www.car-accidents.com/pages/brain_injury_ lawyers.html. Bush, James W. Motor Vehicle Facts an Figures: Wards Communication, 1999. 10, 11, 84-89. â€Å"Car Accident Statistics†. Available http://www.car-accidents.com/pages/ stats.html. â€Å"Convictions Quashed in Fatal Road-Sign Crash†. Chachere Vickie. The Miami Herald. 26 March.2001. Available http://www.miami.com/herald/content/news/local/ dade/digdocs/091369 .htm. Krebs, Michelle. â€Å"How to Buy a Safe Car†. Auto World Weekly. 10, April. 2001. 29-30. â€Å"Road Rage Endangers Innocent Drivers Too†. The Sun Sentinel. 25, March. 2001. Available http://sunsentinel.com/features/sfi-25mabbymar25.story. â€Å"Seat Belts†. Available http://www.car_accidents.com/pages/seat_belts.html. Smith, Steven Cole. â€Å"Swerving Car Hits Bus then runs Into Two Fort Lauderdale Homes.† Tzortzis, Andreas. The Sun Sentinel. 25 March. 2001. Available http://www. sunsentinel.com/news/local /broward/search/sfl-cbus250mar 25.story. â€Å"Volvo SCC. Is this the Worlds Safest Car†. Auto World Weekly. 10, April. 2001. 31. â€Å"Whiplash Injuries†. Available http://www.car-accidents.com/pages/whiplash. html

Bank Manager

Bank managers direct bank branches and departments, resolve customers’ problems, ensure that standards of service are maintained, and administer the institutions’ operations and investments, in addition to overseeing the following employees: * Bank tellers, the largest number of workers in banking, provide routine financial services to the public. They handle customers’ deposits and withdrawals, change money, sell money orders and traveler’s checks, and accept payment for loans and utility bills. Increasingly, tellers also are selling bank services to customers. * New accounts clerks and customer service representatives answer questions from customers, and help them open and close accounts and fill out forms to apply forbanking services. They are knowledgeable about a broad array of bank services and must be able to sell those services to potential clients. Some customer service representatives work in a call or customer contact center environment, taking phone calls and answering emails from customers. In addition to responding to inquiries, these workers also help customers over the phone with routine banking transactions and handle and resolve problems or complaints. * Loan and credit clerks assemble and prepare paperwork, process applications, and complete the documentation after a loan or line of credit has been approved. They also verify applications for completeness. * Bill and account collectors attempt to collect payments on overdue loans. Many general office clerks and bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks are employed to maintain financial records, enter data, and process the thousands of deposit slips, checks, and other documents that banks handle daily. Banks also employ many secretaries, data entry and information processing workers, receptionists, and other office and administrative support workers. Office and administrative support worker supervisors and managers oversee the activities and training of workers in the various administrative support occupations. Loan officers, who evaluate loan applications, determine an applicant’s ability to pay back a loan, and recommend approval of loans. They usually specialize in commercial, consumer, or mortgage lending. When loans become delinquent, loan officers, or loan counselors, may advise borrowers on the management of their finances or take action to collect outstanding amounts. Loan officers also play a major role in bringing in new business and spend uch of their time developing relationships with potential customers. * Trust officers manage a variety of assets that were placed in trust with the bank for other people or organizations; these assets can include pension funds, school endowments, or a company’s profit-sharing plan. Sometimes, trust officers act as executors of estates upon a person’s death. They also may work as accountants, lawyers, and investment managers.

Prejudice Paper - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 603 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/09/20 Category Education Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Discrimination Essay Prejudice Essay Sexism Essay Did you like this example? The Prejudice Paper I have chosen the topic The everyday nature of prejudice. There are many forms of prejudice. Some people are just born with or raised with a prejudice. During the war, Americans became prejudiced against the Japanese. They used racial slurs and violence to get rid of and exclude the Japanese. They were all moved to internment camps and some were killed. Families were torn apart. The Japanese were put through many hardships, and when they were able to return, they were only slowly accepted. The three main types of prejudice are Racism, Sexism, and Ageism. The first type of prejudice is Racism. This is a belief that you are better than other people based solely on their race or religion. I am sorry to say that racism was very prominent in the United States, and though it has calmed down a bit, is still a problem today. Some white people still hate black people and Im sure there are some blacks who hate whites, too. Religions have also been attacked. The M ormons were persecuted and forced to move west when they were rejected by other people. The Jews were attacked for just being Jews. When this was happening in Germany, the U. S. A tried to stop it. However, at the same time, the United States were detaining the Japanese. That is just not right. The second type of prejudice is Sexism. This is the belief that you are better or smarter than another person based on whether they are a man or woman. This form of prejudice is mainly found in boys and men. They feel that, because they are mostly stronger, that they are overly superior to women. That is not the case. I have been looking around and I find that girls mainly get better grades in school. Also, just because someone is a different sex, it doesnt make them any less important or inferior. Women beat men in about half of the Olympic sports. Men are usually better weight lifters and women are usually better at gymnastics. These are just generalities though. They are not set in s tone. Third, but not any less significant, is the prejudice Ageism. The definition for Ageism is discrimination against persons of a certain age group. This is like a young teen disliking a person just because they are old or young. The reason I say teen is because that is where I believe most of the Ageism comes from. This is not a major problem though. In fact, it is relatively tame in comparison to the first two discussed prejudices. It is also used slightly in theme parks. The managers of the park dont want little kids on some rides even if they are tall enough. I think that Ageism is not a very prominent thing in our society today. Its not visible to me, but it is still there. In conclusion, I would like to say that we, the people of America, need to understand our differences and accept them. To carry prejudices against other people just for being different hurts all of us. We should remember past history lessons of prejudice and never let it happen again. We dont want t o be treated unfairly, so why do we treat others unfairly? I would like to remind you of my main message which is this: the three main types of prejudice are Racism, Sexism, and Ageism. I hope that you never feel like you are better than anyone else who is a different race, religion, sex, or age than you are. Dont let something that silly tear people apart. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Prejudice Paper" essay for you Create order